A recent review of National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5) data reveals a sharp increase in overweight and obesity rates in India, with approximately 25% of men and women classified as overweight or obese in 2019-21. Women in South Indian states (Tamil Nadu, Kerala, Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, and Karnataka), Delhi, and Punjab consistently show higher obesity prevalence. Notably, men’s obesity levels are also accelerating, underscoring a nationwide concern.
Between 2015-16 and 2019-21, overweight women rose from 15.5% to 17.6% and obese women from 5.1% to 6.4%. The figures are even more pronounced in states like Punjab and Delhi, where rates surged. Key drivers include unhealthy dietary habits, increased consumption of fried foods, and sugary beverages.
India’s government is tackling the issue through public awareness campaigns such as Eat Right India and the Fit India Movement. School-based interventions and regulations on junk food near educational institutions further promote healthy eating. Policymakers also aim to strengthen sustainable food systems by discouraging ultra-processed products and encouraging affordable, nutritious choices.
"In Mann Ki Baat, Prime Minister advised reducing oil consumption by 10% monthly to combat obesity." This call to action underscores how small lifestyle adjustments can collectively influence public health outcomes. Health experts recommend a multi-sectoral approach to reduce obesity-related complications like diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular diseases.
For doctors, these findings signal the need to intensify patient education and preventive measures. By integrating dietary counseling, regular screenings, and community health programs, the medical fraternity can play a crucial role in curbing India’s growing obesity epidemic.
