The deadly Marburg virus, also known as the “Bleeding Eye” virus due to its severe symptoms, has claimed at least 15 lives in Rwanda and infected hundreds across 17 countries, including parts of Africa and South America, over the past two months. The outbreak has prompted international health advisories urging travellers to exercise caution.
Symptoms and Transmission:
The World Health Organization (WHO) describes Marburg virus disease as a severe and life-threatening illness. Symptoms begin with high fever, severe headache and muscle aches, progressing to vomiting, diarrhea and hemorrhagic manifestations like bleeding from the eyes, nose, or gums. Fatal cases typically result from severe blood loss and shock within 8–9 days of symptom onset.
The virus spreads through human-to-human transmission via direct contact with the blood, bodily fluids or contaminated surfaces of infected individuals. Healthcare workers and people handling infected bodies during funerals are at higher risk.
Countries Affected and Advisory:
Travel Health Pro, a UK health body, has issued warnings for regions including Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Uganda and 13 other countries. Similar caution is advised for Clade 1 Mpox and Oropouche fever outbreaks in these areas.
Dr. Jane Doe, an epidemiologist, stated, “With a 50/50 risk of death, the ‘bleeding eye’ virus is thought to be one of the deadliest viruses and could spread further, straining already vulnerable healthcare systems.”
Urgency of Prevention:
Currently, there are no vaccines or antiviral treatments for the Marburg virus. Early supportive care, including rehydration and symptomatic treatment, has shown some improvement in survival rates. Doctors and healthcare providers are advised to remain vigilant, especially in high-risk areas.
Doctors traveling or treating patients from affected areas should be on alert for early symptoms and report suspected cases promptly. Prevention remains crucial, especially in healthcare settings, to curb human-to-human transmission.
