According to a new study published in JAMA Internal Medicine, an incorrect posture during blood pressure measurements can result in readings that are higher than the actual blood pressure, potentially resulting in a misdiagnosis of high blood pressure and unnecessary treatment.
Researchers from Johns Hopkins University have found that if a patient's arm is not supported at the level of the heart, systolic pressure readings could be inflated by as much as 6.5 mm Hg and diastolic by 4.4 mm Hg. This could lead to unnecessary treatment and prescriptions. The study included 133 adults whose blood pressure was measured in three positions - supported on a desk (the recommended standard), resting on their lap and hanging by their side.
Key Findings:
Supported Arm (Heart Level): Average BP 126/74mmHg
Arm in Lap: Average BP 130/78mmHg (Systolic overestimated by 3.9mmHg, Diastolic by 4mmHg)
Arm Hanging: Average BP 133/78mmHg (Systolic overestimated by 6.5mmHg, Diastolic by 4.4mmHg)
To ensure accurate blood pressure measurements, follow these key guidelines: Support the arm at heart level, use an appropriately sized cuff, maintain a comfortable seated position with back and feet supported and legs uncrossed and avoid caffeine, exercise, smoking, and stress for 30 minutes prior to the measurement.
Dr. Nichola Davis, a population health expert at NYC Health & Hospitals, noted that a 4-5 mmHg variation in blood pressure readings may not affect individuals with normal blood pressure, but could significantly impact those receiving hypertension treatment by potentially shifting them into a different treatment category.
Matthew Tomey, MD, a cardiologist at Cleveland Clinic, urged doctors to reconfirm BP readings in the clinic and noted that errors could lead to misclassification and inappropriate treatment.
The American Heart Association recommends patients to regularly monitor their blood pressure at home, as readings taken at home allows for a more relaxed environment and accurate reflection of their actual blood pressure levels compared to those taken in clinical settings.
The study serves as a reminder for healthcare providers to adhere strictly to guidelines in clinical settings. Experts also encourage patients to be proactive in ensuring accurate readings, especially for those using home monitors for hypertension management.
